Green House Gas Strategy

Under the Egyptian published Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), Sonker is committed to save the natural resources, reduce energy consumption and GHG emissions from all its business activities, to contribute in reducing the climate change.

Sonker Project does not involve industrial processes, accordingly, emissions are confined to potential fugitive emissions from the LPG tanks or during loading/unloading operations. Only during abnormal conditions, boil off gases will be guided to a flare for controlled burning. Mitigation measures include establishing a boil off gases recovery system from LPG tanks as well as from loading/unloading operations, performing periodic maintenance and monitoring of equipment. Moreover, the flare system, which is only active during abnormal conditions is designed to produce a non-luminous and smokeless flame. Impacts on air quality were thus considered insignificant.

Sonker is aware that the selection of environmentally friendly technologies is very important in meeting strict requirements on industrial emissions and Sonker acknowledges its role in the reduction of GHG emissions, which considered during the feed and design stages as the following:

1. Supplying electricity to the terminal from national grid instead, this is to utilize the economy of scale of national power generation facilities and benefit from the new highly efficient electricity production projects in Egypt.
2. Variable Frequency Drive (VFD): VFDs are installed on all main electrical motors to reduce power consumption and losses.
3. Reactive Power Compensation (RPC): supplies the reactive power to all medium voltage motors to reduce the power consumption.
4. Utilizing sea water, as the heating fluid in LPG heat exchangers instead of using electricity.
5. LPG Boil off Gases (BOG) recovery system: LPG tanks are connected to a boil- off gases recovery system, to prevent flaring of gases.
6. Flare pilots main fuel has been changed from LPG to natural gas (NG) as a lower emission alternative.
7. Standby diesel generators will be utilized in case of power failure to avoid the cooling system interruption in the boil- off gases recovery system operator.
8. The flare system, will be utilized for safe discharge of gases only in emergency situations which is designed to produce a non-luminous and smokeless flame. Impacts on air quality were thus considered insignificant.

Potential Sources of Major Long Lived Greenhouse:

Greenhouse Gas	Potential Source	Counter Measure
Methane (CH4)	Natural sas for flare pilots. Traces exist in the LPG.	Terminal consumption is very small around 0.8 Ton/month. LPG is designed as a closed system, flare is only used as a third layer safety equipment, with very limited use.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)	Combustion of flared Gases. Combustion of fuel in Emergency Diesel Generators (EDG’s). Combustion of fuel in fire water (FW) pumps engines. Transportation.	LPG tanks are designed as a closed system with BOG recovery system to avoid flaring. Flare is equipped with air blower, to control air/fuel ratio in order to ensure complete combustion. Flare is equipped with ignition system which enables its shutdown when not in use. EDG’s are only used in emergency power failure cases or during running tests for a limited time. FW pumps are operated in emergency cases and tests for a limited time. Sonker is managing and optimizing all the movement of its owned/contracted fleets either within or outside its premises.
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)	No possible source in Sonker Bulk Liquids Terminal	No possible source in Sonker Bulk Liquids Terminal
Fluorinated Gases	Air conditioning system.	HFCs free for refrigeration system. Preventive maintenance is scheduled per manufacturer’s recommendations. Use of water chiller air conditioning in many buildings to minimize the use of HFCs.

Reporting

GHG emissions originating within Sonker premises, are calculated based on carbon content in consumed products, fuels or materials.

Those figures are reported in details to Sonker’s management, so they are able to track and monitor the terminal performance related to emissions.

Environmental Monitoring:

There are two types of atmospheric monitoring. One that measures the level of emission “at the end of the chimney”, emission to air and another one that measures the level of the air quality.

A. Emissions Monitoring:

The emissions monitoring allows achieving the legal emissions level reflected in the Egyptian law 4/94, the world bank and european guidelines. This is possible thanks to the measure of the concentration of parameters in each atmosphere emissions source of the terminal according to a reference standard (ISO, DIN……. etc.). which is used as an information tool to detect deviations, the results of periodic measure are presented in the internal control documents.

B. Air Quality Monitoring:

The air quality monitoring is performed via measurements of the concentration of contamination (NOx, SOx, CO and Particles) nearby the Terminal; this would be the level of air quality.

Future Plans:

In any future/new project or expansions which shall be more conservative regarding the climate change issues and shall adopt an eco-friendly design that mitigates any release of emissions and reduces industrial wastes.

Some proposed future project, which can be benefit in energy saving and reduction of GHG emissions shall be studied and applied, if seemed practically feasible:

Onshore Power Supply (OPS): Supply ship with electricity to eliminate emissions to the local surroundings.
Replacing sodium lighting with LED lighting.
Solar energy electricity generation.